Clomiphene citrate is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), FDA-approved for female infertility, used off-label in men to raise testosterone while preserving fertility (unlike direct testosterone replacement, which suppresses sperm production).
Systematic review/meta-analysis (19 studies, 1,642 patients total, 1,279 in meta-analysis): total testosterone increased by 2.60 nmol/L, with corresponding improvements in free testosterone, LH, and FSH. Adverse reactions occurred in under 10% of patients, with no serious adverse events reported. Huijben et al., Andrology, 2022
Specific per-trial dosing wasn't independently broken out in this pass — the meta-analysis pooled data across 19 different studies with varying protocols rather than a single standardized dose.
Under 10% adverse-reaction rate across the pooled studies, no serious adverse events reported — described as demonstrating "good safety aspects" for this specific use. See Enclomiphene for a direct head-to-head comparison on side-effect rates.
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